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The issue of a crime victim in criminology
Kováříková, Olga ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Beranová, Andrea (referee)
This thesis aims to convey knowledge from various fields (victimology, law, psychology, criminology) to the general public and create a basic overview of situations and ensuing responses commonly experienced by crime victims. The emphasis is distinctly directed towards the psychological dimensions of victimization, offering insights into the emotional experiences of victims and their subsequent behavioral manifestations. The first part of the text focuses attention on defining victimology, its origin, the founders and other important personalities of this scientific field and the period of its greatest flourishing. It also traces the historical shift in the victim's role, which initially played a pivotal role in the investigation of criminal acts and the punishment of perpetrators. However, with societal development, the victim gradually lost its importance, and its role was limited to providing testimony. The second section delves into the concept of the victim of a crime, explaining victimization and exploring the typology of victims. At the same time, it describes in more detail specific groups of victims, such as children, the elderly and victims of domestic violence, and the peculiarities that distinguish them from ordinary victims. Additionally, it analyzes widespread myths about victims. The...
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Protection of a victim of a criminal offences
Šimůnková, Pavlína ; Tejnská, Katarína (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Dispute over legal impacts on victims has always been a discussion as well as protection of victims subjected to crime. Study of victims of crime (also known as "victimology"), victim typologies, terminology difference between victimhood and victimology will be mentioned in the very first paragraph in addition to introduction of protection victims of crime issue. Thereafter comes breakdown of phases to which a victim is subjected to throughout the offence. Victims of crime is main highlight of second chapter, followed by its definition and typology of victims, difference between terminology of victim according to criminal justice act and victim according to code of criminal procedure. As the topic advances, third chapter approaches with developmentments in the law within domestic jurisdiction, its subject being protection of victims of crime. Analysis of fundamental law is the main highlight of this chapter, breaking down its influence on victims' protection throughout the past up to nowadays and ongoing procedures. Last but not least, subjects providing protection for victims of crime will also be mentioned. Following chapter is quoting specific sections of Criminal Justice (Victims of Crime) Act, focusing on victims' rights. Breaking down into individual acts of law, its appliance during court...
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Protection of the Injured Party in Criminal Proceedings
Mandíková, Eliška ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Heranová, Simona (referee)
Protection of the Injured Party in Criminal Proceedings Abstract This thesis is focused on the injured party, the subject of criminal proceedings. The aim of the thesis is to identify the most pressing shortcomings of the current legislation through a comprehensive analysis of selected topics. The thesis is divided into eight main parts. Chapter one focuses on the very definition of the term injured party and the basic division into injured person entitled to compensation for damage, non-pecuniary damage or unjust enrichment with specific rights in adhesion proceedings and injured person without this right. This is followed by an overview of the position of the injured person in criminal proceedings with an emphasis on his or her representation and the issue of a joint agent. The central concept of the third chapter is the victim of a crime, the definition and differentiation from the concept of injured person. This part discusses selected institutes of the Act on Victims of Crime and the basic principles governing it. Chapter four deals with the development of legislation. It describes the legal regulation of the position of the injured party in historical criminal procedure codes and significant amendments to the current Criminal Procedure Code that affected the rights of the injured party. The subsequent...
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The issue of crime victim in criminology
Časarová, Dominika ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Mulák, Jiří (referee)
The topic of the presented thesis is the issue of the victim of crime in criminology and its aim is to present a certain summary of current knowledge from criminal victimology, current legal regulation of victims' rights and also practical possibilities of assistance to victims. The first chapter addresses the scientific field of victimology and clarification of its relationship with criminology. This is followed by a brief overview of the development of victimology from its origins to its modern conception and the changing view of the victim over time. The second chapter then looks in more detail at the victim as such - the definition of the term, its characteristics, or the debunking of the myth of the 'ideal victim', which still largely persists in society and can have an undesirable effect on how victims are treated. The third chapter focuses on victimisation, the process by which an individual becomes a victim. In particular, the focus is on the victim's own behaviour, victimological culpability, and the victim-offender relationship, which is a key factor in terms of victimisation. The fourth chapter focuses on the legal regulation of victim protection in the Czech Republic. The chapter first discusses the distinction between the concept of 'victim' and the 'aggrieved party', which is a...
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Fraud on Seniors - Prevention and Solution of the Problem in Context of Social Work
TURKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with fraud against the elderly and prevention from the perspective of social workers and police officers. The aim of the thesis is to find out what the current prevention by social workers and the Police looks like. The aim of the thesis is also to find out what kind of fraud occurs most often. The theoretical part of the thesis contains definitions of basic terms related to this topic. They were defined with the help of professional literature. The known types of under-fraud used by the perpetrators are described. The practical part was prepared in the form of qualitative research. Semi-structured interview was used as a technique. The interviews were conducted with police officers from the Press and Prevention Department of the South Bohemia Region. Furthermore, interviews were conducted with social workers working in social services focused on this issue.
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Assistance to Victims of Crime
Šedová, Jana ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vokoun, Rudolf (referee)
The thesis deals with the assistance to victims of crime and aims to provide a comprehensive view of the issue. The purpose of this thesis is to assess the level of assistance provided in relation to its legal anchoring and subsequent application practice. The content of the thesis consists of an introduction, six chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter the thesis is devoted to the interpretation of basic concepts related to the issue of victims of crime. It defines the victim and describes its various categorisations, including the definition of a particularly vulnerable victim. The distinction between victim and an injured party is also clarified for better orientation in the following text. The second chapter then briefly describes the development of the victim's position and role in criminal proceedings from a historical perspective, and briefly describes the basic international regulation of victims' rights with a focus on European legislation in this area. To complete the explanation of the basic concepts and the historical and international context, the third chapter deals with the concept of the victim of crime from the perspective of criminology and victimology respectively. To introduce the reader to this area, a brief explanation of the concept of crime and crime prevention is...
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Compensation to crime victims
Mrázková, Martina ; Richter, Martin (referee)
Compensation to crime victims Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the issue of compensation to crime victims, specifically compensation provided by the state, whether under the name of financial assistance or compensation. One of the aims of the thesis was to subject the current legislation to a critical analysis and point out its possible imperfections. I also addressed the question of whether effective legislation succeeds in achieving the objectives set, namely the protection of the victim, the determination of clear conditions for the provision of compensation by the state and facilitating the victim's position in obtaining information and applying for financial assistance. Finally, the sub-objective was also to formulate de lege ferenda proposals that would help resolve the ambiguities and inaccuracies of the current legislation. The whole work is divided into five parts, including the introduction and conclusion. The first chapter is devoted to the theoretical definition of the key institutes necessary to understand the issue. Here I elaborate on the concepts of victimology and related victim facilitation, victimization and provide an overview of the most common typologies of victims. The second chapter introduces the reader to the key concept of crime victims, both from a victimological point of...
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The issue of the crime victim in criminology
Ulrychová, Kristýna ; Pelc, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
The issue of the crime victim in criminology Abstract This thesis deals with the issue of the crime victim in criminology. It aims to introduce the reader to this issue not only through describing the development of the view of the victim throughout history, but also by taking the reader through the process of victimization and introducing them to, among other things, the role that the victim's behaviour or the relationship between victim and offender may play in this process. I also outline what factors can influence anyone to become a victim and the impact a crime can have on a victim. Finally, I describe the current state of victim protection in selected legislation and the types of assistance provided to victims. I also pay attention to victimological prevention, its types and forms. In the text of the thesis, I also mention several de lege ferenda proposals. The method I have used in my thesis is mainly descriptive and analytical. This thesis is divided into an introduction, five additional parts, which are then divided into chapters and some into sections, and a conclusion. The first part is devoted to the definition of criminology and then victimology, its subject, a brief history of its development and the changing view of the victim. It also looks at the concept of the victim in criminology and the...
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The Genesis of Social Support in the Context of Victims of Crime
PUDILOVÁ, Dana
This diploma thesis is focused on the genesis of social support in the context of victims of crimes and it aims to comprehensively describe this development in the Czech Republic. It is a theoretical thesis and in the process methods of content analysis, synthesis and comparison of secondary data were used. Individual chapters describe topics connected to social support for victims of crime. The initial chapter contains explanations of the basic terms which are connected to victimology. There is a definition of a criminal act, a victim of crime and the process of victimization is also explained in this chapter. The following chapter focuses on the historical context based on which Act no. 45/ 2013 Sb. was sanctioned and which is considered a milestone in the support to victims of crime. The ongoing text is dedicated to specific types of support in the Czech Republic and also abroad, including the historical development of law up to present-day law. Support to the victims of crime is provided by subjects mentioned in one of the chapters. They are state or non-state subjects which are authorized to provide this kind of service. The discussion contains acquired knowledge and notes which were discovered during the drawing up of this thesis and which could be a subject matter for specialists in other discussions to increase the efficiency of provided services and to strengthen the character of low-threshold social support. The thesis creates a comprehensive grasp of social support for victims of crime and can also be utilized by the general public for a better understanding of this area.
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The role of social and psychological counselling in case of help for victims of criminal acts.
POLATOVÁ, Lenka
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of helping victims of crime with an emphasis on the psychological side and the goal is to analyse the options of that help. The first chapter deals with victimology and victimization, basic concepts that are important for understanding the issue. The next chapter emphasizes the concept of victim. It explains the typology of victims and also discusses victims' rights. The fourth chapter focuses on the issue of particularly vulnerable victims. What is also important is the section on entities that provide help to victims of crimes. I focus in more detail on the two most important entities, which are the Probation and Mediation Service of the Czech Republic and the non-profit organization White Circle of Safety which represents the non-state sector. The most important part of the thesis comes in the last but one chapter, and it focuses on specific assistance for victims of crimes. The chapter deals with the principles of laic, especially psychological and social assistance. Finally, I focus on crime prevention. The whole issue is complemented by interviews with experts who provide help to victims. The acquired knowledge shows how important the work of providers of care for crime victims is, and indicates how significant benefit it has for the users.
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